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Khibiny Complex

Plant in Russia with commodities Aluminum, Phosphorus-Phosphates
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Sections on this page
  1. Identification information
  2. Geographic coordinates
  3. Site location context
  4. Geographic areas
  5. Commodities
  6. Materials information
  7. Nearby scientific data
  8. Ore body information
  9. Economic information about the deposit and operations
  10. Mining district
  11. Mineral rights holdings
  12. Land status
  13. Ownership information
  14. Production statistics
  15. Reserves and resources
  16. Workings at the site
  17. Links to other databases
  18. Bibliographic references
  19. General comments
  20. Reporter information

Geologic information

Identification information

Deposit ID 10207139
MAS/MILS ID 4520000525
Record type Site
Current site name Khibiny Complex
Alternate or previous names Kola Combine, Khibiny Apatit Association, Khibiny Massif, Apatit Combine, Khibine Alt. Spelling

Geographic coordinates

Point of reference Town
Geographic coordinates: 33.21996, 67.66513 (WGS84)
Elevation 2000
Location accuracy 10000(meters)

Site location context

Political divisions (FIPS codes)

Russia(country)

Europe(continent)

Land(continent)

Geographic areas

Country
Russia

Commodities

Commodity Importance
Aluminum Critical Secondary
Phosphorus-Phosphates Primary

Materials information

Materials Type of material
Apatite Unknown

Nearby scientific data

Town (1) 33.21996, 67.66513
ListMap

Economic information

Ore body information

  • Thickness 200M
    Length 11000M
    Width 2500M
    Depth to top 200M
    Field Value
    MAS Matrix # 1
    MAS Column # 1
    Type of Orebody #1 SHEAR ZONE
    Shape of Orebody #1 TABULAR
    Type of Orebody #2 OTHER
    Shape of Orebody #2 MASSIVE
    Primary mode of Origin OXIDATION
    Secondary mode of Origin OTHER
    Primary Ore Control IGNEOUS
    Secondary Ore Control FAULTING
    Degree of Wallrock Alter. UNKNOWN
    Type of Wallrock Alter. #1 UNKNOWN
    Type of Wallrock Alter. #2 OTHER
    Minimum Depth to Top 0
    Date of Last Modification 930201

Comments on the geologic information

  • APATITE-NEPHELINE ORES OF THE KHIBINY COMPLEX ARE DIVIDED INTO HIGH AND LOW GRADES ORES; HIGH GRADE ORES ARE ESSENTIALLY APATITIC AND LOW GRADE ORE IS APATITE- NEPHELINE. HIGH GRADE ORE IS USUALLY FOUND NEAR THE SURFACE, WHILE LOWER GRADE ORE IS LOCATED DEEPER IN THE DEPOSIT. LOW GRADE ORE IS ALSO FOUND NEAR FISSURE OR SHEAR ZONES. THE KHIBINY/LOVOZERO INTRUSIONS WERE FORMED DURING HERCHNIAN TIMES (290 +/- 10 MY), SUGGESTING LATE CARBONIFEROUS AGE. EACH OF THE DEPOSITS IN THE KHIBINY COMPLEX ARE RELATIVELY CONCENTRATED IN SMALL AREAS, CONTROLLED BY DEEP, ANCIENT FRACTURE ZONES.
  • THE KHIBINY/LOVOZERO COMPLEX IS ONE OF THE WORLDS LARGEST ALKALINE-ULTRAMAFIC IGNEOUS INTRUSIONS, COVERING 1327 SQ KM. THIS COMPLEX IS LOCATED NORTH OF THE TOWN OF KIROVSK APPROXIMATELY 160KM SOUTH OF MURMANSK. THE COMPLEX CONSISTS OF AN ESSENTIALLY CIRCULAR PLUG WITH A CORE OF FOYAITE SURROUNDED BY INWARD, AND GENERALLY STEEPLY DIPPING SHEETS OF OTHER VARIETIES OF NEPHELINE-SYENITE. EIGHT APATITE DEPOSITS HAVE BEEN DELINIATED ALONG A DISCONTINUOUS ZONE OF IJOLITE ROCKS, 3 TO 7 KM INSIDE THE MASSIF BOUNDRY, 2.5 KM WIDE, 75 KM LONG RUNNING NORTHEAST/SOUTHWEST. ORE BODIES OF THE DEPOSIT ARE FAIRLY WELL DEFINED, AND BEST DEVELOPED IN THE SOUTHWEST, WHERE THE MINING OPERATIONS ARE LOCATED. YUKSPOR AND RASVUMCHORR ARE SINGLE-BODY ORE DEPOSITS, WHILE TSENTRALNY AND KOASHVA ARE "MULTI-STAGED" DEPOSITS, WITH SEVERAL ORE ZONES.

Economic information about the deposit and operations

Operation type Surface-Underground
Development status Plant
Commodity type Both
Significant Yes
Discovery year 1923
Mining method Open Pit
Year of first production 1925
Plant type Beneficiation (Mill)
Plant subcategory Flotation
Milling method Flotation

Mining district

District name Khibiny Massif

Mineral rights holdings

Type of mineral rights Minerals Only
Type of mineral rights Other

Land status

Ownership category Unknown

Ownership information

  • Type Owner
    Owner Government Of Russia
    Interest 100
    Home office Russia
    Year 1992

Comments on the ownership information

  • MINERAL HOLDINGS ARE UNKOWN, PRESUMED GOVERNMENT OWNED.

Production statistics

  • Year 1981
    Description 17000000 Mt Phos. Rock Conc.
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Phosphorus-Phosphates Phosphorus 1700000mt
  • Year 1982
    Description 17700000 Mt Of Phos. Rock Conc.
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Conc. Phosphorus-Phosphates Phosphorus 1770000mt
  • Year 1983
    Description 18600000 Mt Of Phos. Rock Conc.
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Conc. Phosphorus-Phosphates Phosphorus 1860000mt
  • Year 1984
    Description 19100000 Mt Of Phos. Rock Conc.
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Conc. Phosphorus-Phosphates Phosphorus 1910000mt
  • Year 1985
    Description 19200000 Mt Of Phos. Rock Conc.
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Conc. Phosphorus-Phosphates Phosphorus 1920000mt
  • Year 1986
    Description 19400000 Mt Of Phos. Rock Conc.
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Conc. Phosphorus-Phosphates Phosphorus 1940000mt
  • Year 1987
    Description 20800000 Mt Of Phos. Rock Conc.
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Conc. Phosphorus-Phosphates Phosphorus 2080000mt
  • Year 1995
    Description Apatite Cons 17500000 Mt
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Conc. Phosphorus-Phosphates Phosphorus 1750000mt

Comments on the production information

  • CONCENTRATED PHOSPHATE ROCK (39.5% P2O5, 86% BPL) IS PRIMARILY SLATED FOR DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION, SOME IS EXPORTED HOWEVER. THE CONCENTRATE IS PROCESSED INTO FERTILIZER AT THE NEAR-BY PHOSPHORIC ACID PLANTS; ANOF-1, ANOF-2 OR ANOF-3 ACTUAL DISTRIDUTION OF CONCENTRATE IS UNKNOWN.

Reserves and resources

  • Type In-situ
    Estimate year 1987
    Indicated 4000000000mt ore
    Demonstrated 4000000000mt ore
    Total resources 4000000000mt ore
    Commodity Subtype Grade units Group Importance Year
    Phosphorus-Phosphates P2O5 15 wt-pct Phosphorus Major 1987

Workings at the site

  • Type of workings Surface
    Field Value
    MAS Development Schedule # 1
    Mining Record # 1
    Status of Mining Method PROPOSED
    Mining Method OPEN PIT

Comments on other economic factors

  • ORE FROM KHIBINY MINES IS CONCENTRATED BY EITHER THE ANOF-1 ANOF-2, OR ANOF-3 MILLS, ALL OF WHICH ARE LOCATED NEAR THE TOWN OF KIROVSK.

Reference information

Bibliographic references

  • Deposit

    ILYIN, A.V."APATITE DEPOSITS IN THE KHIBINY AND KOVDOR

  • Deposit

    ALKALINE IGNEOUS COMPLEXES, KOLA PENNINSULA, NORTH-

  • Deposit

    WESTERN USSR", PHOSPHATE DEPOSITS OF THE WORLD, V.2,

  • Deposit

    CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1989, PP. 485-492.

  • Deposit

    OFFICIAL STANDARD NAMES, U.S.S.R. VOL.I, A-B, P173; VOL.III,

  • Deposit

    K, PP289, 391, UNITED STATES BOARD ON GEOGRAPHIC NAMES.

  • Deposit

    BRITISH SULPHUR CORPOARTION, WORLD SURVEY OF PHOSPHATE

  • Deposit

    DEPOSITS, FIFTH ED., 1987, PP. 237-239.

  • Deposit

    MINING MAGAZINE, PHOSPHORUS FOR RUSSIAN FERTILIZERS, JUNE,

  • Deposit

    1979, P. 481.

  • Deposit

    BUREAU OF MINES, MINERALS YEARBOOK, THE MINERAL INDUSTRY OF

  • Deposit

    THE U.S.S.R., VOL.I, 1973, PP896, 897.

  • Deposit

    MINING JOURNAL, NONMETALLIC MINERALS, PHOSPHATE, JULY 28,

  • Deposit

    1961, P94.

General comments

Subject category Comment text
Deposit FIVE MINES AND THREE MILLS HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED TO EXTRACT AND BENEFICIATE ORE FROM THE KHIBINY COMPLEX. SEE EACH DEPOSIT FILE FOR SPECIFIC INFORMATION, ON EACH OF THE FIVE OPERATIONS. THE FOLLOWING DEPOSIT FILES ON THE MAS DATABASE: KIROV 452-000-0526 YUKSPOR 452-000-0527 RAZVUMCHORR 452-000-0528 TSENTRALNYY 452-000-0529 VOSTOCHNY 452-000-0530 KOVDOR 452-000-0531 OF THE FIVE EXISTING MINES IN THE KHIBINY COMPLEX, ONLY THE TSENTRALNY, IS A SURFACE OPERATION.

Reporter information

Type Date Name Affiliation Comment
Reporter 13-MAR-97 Buckingham, David A. U.S. Bureau of Mines

Beyond USGS

Supplemental information added by qvyshift.com. Not part of the original USGS MRDS record.

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