Buick Mine

Producer in Iron county in Missouri, United States with commodities Lead, Zinc, Silver, Copper, Cobalt, Nickel, Cadmium
Sections on this page
  1. Identification information
  2. Geographic coordinates
  3. Site location context
  4. Geographic areas
  5. Public Land Survey System information
  6. Commodities
  7. Materials information
  8. Mineral occurrence model information
  9. Host and associated rocks
  10. Nearby scientific data
  11. Geologic structures
  12. Ore body information
  13. Controls for ore emplacement
  14. Economic information about the deposit and operations
  15. Mining district
  16. Mineral rights holdings
  17. Land status
  18. Ownership information
  19. Production statistics
  20. Reserves and resources
  21. Workings at the site
  22. Links to other databases
  23. Bibliographic references
  24. Reporter information

Geologic information

Identification information

Deposit ID 10244067
MRDS ID W019047
MAS/MILS ID 0290930007
Record type Site
Current site name Buick Mine

Geographic coordinates

Point of reference Main Entrance
Geographic coordinates: -91.12263, 37.60586 (WGS84)
Elevation 427
Location accuracy 100(meters)

Site location context

Political divisions (FIPS codes)

Iron(county)

Missouri(state)

United States(country)

North America(continent)

Land(continent)

USGS map quadrangles

Oates(quadrangle 1:24,000 scale)

Rolla(quadrangle 1:100,000 scale)

Rolla(quadrangle 1:250,000 scale)

Hydrologic units (watersheds)

Upper Black(hydrologic unit)

Upper White(hydrologic accounting unit)

Upper White(hydrologic subregion)

Arkansas-White-Red(hydrologic region)

Federal lands

Mark Twain National Forest(National Forest)

National Forest FS(Type of land area)

FS(Federal land areas administered by FS)

Geographic areas

Country State County
United States Missouri Iron

Public Land Survey System information

Meridian Township Range Section Fraction State
5th Principal 034 N 002 W 26 NWSESE Missouri

Commodities

Commodity Importance
Lead Primary
Zinc Critical Primary
Silver Secondary
Copper Secondary
Cobalt Critical Secondary
Nickel Critical Tertiary
Cadmium Tertiary

Materials information

Materials Type of material
Galena Ore
Sphalerite Ore
Pyrite Ore
Marcasite Ore
Chalcopyrite Ore
Siegenite Ore
Polydymite Ore
Bravoite Ore
Vaesite Ore
Bornite Ore
Arsenopyrite Ore
Linnaeite Ore
Millerite Ore
Dolomite Gangue
Calcite Gangue
Quartz Gangue
Kaolinite Gangue
Dickite Gangue

Mineral occurrence model information

Model code 224
USGS model code 32a
Deposit model name Mississippi Valley, S.E. Missouri Pb-Zn
Mark3 model number 42

Host and associated rocks

  • Host or associated Host
    Rock type Sedimentary Rock > Carbonate > Dolomite
    Rock type qualifier shaley
    Rock unit name BONNETERRE
    Stratigraphic age (youngest) Cambrian

Nearby scientific data

Main Entrance (1) -91.12263, 37.60586

Economic information

Geologic structures

Type of structure Local
Structure name St. Francois igneous high
Type of structure Regional
Structure name Ozark dome
Type of structure Local
Structure name A shale-silt bed overlies much of the Viburnum belt ores

Ore body information

  • Thickness 18M
    Length 7000M
    Width 140M
    Area 325HA
    Depth to top 400M
    Field Value
    Type of Orebody #1 BRECCIA FILL
    Shape of Orebody #1 TABULAR
    Type of Orebody #2 DISSEMINATED
    Type of Orebody #3 REPLACEMENT
    Primary mode of Origin HYDROTHERMAL
    Primary Ore Control LITHOLOGY
    Secondary Ore Control FRACTURING
    Degree of Wallrock Alter. MODERATE
    Type of Wallrock Alter. #1 DOLOMITIZATION
    Type of Wallrock Alter. #2 SILICIFICATION
    Type of Wallrock Alter. #3 PYRITIZATION
    Strike And Dip N00E:
    Minimum Depth to Top 259
    Avg. Thick. Unconsol. Mat. 40
    Min. Thick. Unconsol. Mat. 0
    Total Surface Area (HA) 325
    Date of Last Modification 801113
  • General form tabular
    Length 100M
    Width 25M

Comments on the ore body information

  • ORE BRECCIAS ARE NARROW CONTINUOUS BODIES EXTENDING N-S THROUGH THE 5-MILE LONG PROPERTY. INDIVIDUAL BRECCIA BODIES ARE UP TO 300 FT WIDE AND UP TO 85 FT THICK, WITH A TROUGH-SHAPED BASE, AND OUTWARD-DIPPING, BOUNDING FRACTURES ON THE SIDES.

Controls for ore emplacement

  • bedding control
  • faults
  • solution collapse breccias

Economic information about the deposit and operations

Operation type Underground
Development status Producer
Commodity type Metallic
Deposit size Large
Significant Yes
Discovery year 1960
Mining method Open Stope - Room and Pillar
Year of first production 1969
Milling method Flotation

Mining district

District name Southeast Missouri District
District name Viburnum Trend
District name New Lead Belt

Mineral rights holdings

Type of mineral rights Federal Lease
Type of mineral rights Fee Ownership
Type of mineral rights Minerals Only

Land status

Ownership category Mixed

Ownership information

  • Type Operator
    Owner Doe Run Mining Co., Clayton, Mo
    ID 2900457
    Home office Missouri
    Year 1995
  • Type Owner
    Owner Renco Group, 30 Rockefeller Plaza, Ny, Ny 10112
    ID 2900457
    Interest 100
    Home office New York
    Year 1995
  • Type Operator
    Owner Amax Inc.
  • Type Owner
    Owner Homestake Mining Co.

Production statistics

  • Year 1969
    Ore mined 315200mt
    Description 5.1% Pb, 2.0% Zn, 0.14% Cu, 0.53 Oz Ag 347500 Millhead Grades/St Ore
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Zinc Zinc 2wt-pct
    Major Silver Silver 1g/mt
    Major Lead Lead 5wt-pct
    Minor Copper Copper 0wt-pct
  • Year 1970
    Ore mined 854000mt
    Description 6.4% Pb, 2.2% Zn, 0.14% Cu, 0.65 Oz Ag 941000 Millhead Grades/St Ore
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Zinc Zinc 2wt-pct
    Major Silver Silver 18g/mt
    Major Lead Lead 6wt-pct
    Minor Copper Copper 0wt-pct
  • Year 1971
    Ore mined 1218711mt
    Description 7.1% Pb, 2.3% Zn, 0.13% Cu, 0.80 Oz Ag 1343399 Millhead Grades/St Ore
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Zinc Zinc 2wt-pct
    Major Silver Silver 23g/mt
    Major Lead Lead 7wt-pct
    Minor Copper Copper 0wt-pct
  • Year 1972
    Ore mined 1312900mt
    Description 9.9% Pb, 3.6% Zn, 0.22% Cu, 1.42 Oz Ag 1447200 Millhead Grades/St Ore
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Zinc Zinc 4wt-pct
    Major Silver Silver 40g/mt
    Major Lead Lead 10wt-pct
    Minor Copper Copper 0wt-pct
  • Year 1973
    Ore mined 1445000mt
    Description 10.9% Pb, 4.5% Zn, 0.14% Cu, 1.48 Oz Ag 1593000 Millhead Grades/St Ore
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Zinc Zinc 5wt-pct
    Major Silver Silver 42g/mt
    Major Lead Lead 11wt-pct
    Minor Copper Copper 0wt-pct
  • Year 1974
    Ore mined 1411941mt
    Description 12.4% Pb, 4.4% Zn, 0.29% Cu, 1.57 Oz Ag 1556399 Millhead Grades/St Ore
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Zinc Zinc 4wt-pct
    Major Silver Silver 44g/mt
    Major Lead Lead 12wt-pct
    Minor Copper Copper 0wt-pct
  • Year 1975
    Ore mined 1482701mt
    Description 11.7% Pb, 3.6% Zn, 0.27% Cu, 1.20 Oz Ag 1634399 Millhead Grades/St Ore
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Zinc Zinc 4wt-pct
    Major Silver Silver 34g/mt
    Major Lead Lead 12wt-pct
    Minor Copper Copper 0wt-pct
  • Year 1976
    Ore mined 1464000mt
    Description 9.9% Pb, 3.9% Zn, 0.13% Cu, 1.26 Oz Ag 1614000 Millhead Grades/St Ore
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Zinc Zinc 4wt-pct
    Major Silver Silver 36g/mt
    Major Lead Lead 10wt-pct
    Minor Copper Copper 0wt-pct
  • Year 1977
    Ore mined 1463106mt
    Description 8.6% Pb, 3.4% Zn, 0.18% Cu, 1.12 Oz Ag 1612799 Millhead Grades/St Ore
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Zinc Zinc 3wt-pct
    Major Silver Silver 32g/mt
    Major Lead Lead 9wt-pct
    Minor Copper Copper 0wt-pct
  • Year 1978
    Ore mined 1302081mt
    Description 9.2% Pb, 2.9% Zn, 0.22% Cu, 1.09 Oz Ag 1435299 Millhead Grades/St Ore
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Zinc Zinc 3wt-pct
    Major Silver Silver 31g/mt
    Major Lead Lead 9wt-pct
    Minor Copper Copper 0wt-pct
  • Year 1979
    Ore mined 1830153mt
    Description 7.6% Pb, 2.4% Zn, 0.22% Cu, 0.84 Oz Ag 2017399 Millhead Grades/St Ore
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Zinc Zinc 2wt-pct
    Major Silver Silver 24g/mt
    Major Lead Lead 8wt-pct
    Minor Copper Copper 0wt-pct
  • Year 1980
    Ore mined 1911900mt
    Description 8.4% Pb, 2.2% Zn, 0.21% Cu, 0.88 Oz Ag 2107500 Millhead Grades/St Ore
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Zinc Zinc 2wt-pct
    Major Silver Silver 25g/mt
    Major Lead Lead 8wt-pct
    Minor Copper Copper 0wt-pct
  • Year 1981
    Ore mined 1598730mt
    Description 6.9% Pb, 1.6% Zn, 0.18% Cu, 0.61 Oz Ag 1762299 Millhead Grades/St Ore
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Zinc Zinc 2wt-pct
    Major Silver Silver 17g/mt
    Major Lead Lead 7wt-pct
    Minor Copper Copper 0wt-pct
  • Year 1982
    Ore mined 2054000mt
    Description 7.6% Pb, 2.0% Zn, 0.22% Cu, 0.72 Oz Ag 2264000 Millhead Grades/St Ore
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Zinc Zinc 2wt-pct
    Major Silver Silver 20g/mt
    Major Lead Lead 8wt-pct
    Minor Copper Copper 0wt-pct
  • Year 1983
    Ore mined 1927000mt
    Description 7.9% Pb, 1.8% Zn, 0.21% Cu, 0.67 Oz Ag 2124000 Millhead Grades/St Ore
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Zinc Zinc 2wt-pct
    Major Silver Silver 19g/mt
    Major Lead Lead 8wt-pct
    Minor Copper Copper 0wt-pct
  • Year 1984
    Ore mined 1360000mt
    Description 8.1% Pb, 1.8% Zn, 0.20% Cu, 0.68 Oz Ag 1499000 Millhead Grades/St Ore
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Zinc Zinc 2wt-pct
    Major Silver Silver 19g/mt
    Major Lead Lead 8wt-pct
    Minor Copper Copper 0wt-pct
  • Year 1985
    Ore mined 1880000mt
    Description 8.0% Pb, 1.4% Zn, 0.20% Cu, 20 G/Mt Ag 2070000 Millhead Grades/Mt Ore
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Zinc Zinc 1wt-pct
    Major Silver Silver 20g/mt
    Major Lead Lead 8wt-pct
    Minor Copper Copper 0wt-pct
  • Year 1986
    Ore mined 640000mt
    Description 50,718 Mt Pb, 10,147 Mt Zn, 1,035 Mt Cu 705000 Mt Ore Mined
    Importance Item Commodity Group Amount recovered Grade Recovery percentage
    Major Zinc Zinc 10147mt
    Major Lead Lead 50718mt
    Minor Copper Copper 1035mt

Comments on the production information

  • 1975 MILL CAP 4400 MTPD. SMELTER CAP. 127,000 MTPY PB METAL. MINE & MILL STARTED UP 2 - 69.

Reserves and resources

  • Type In-situ
    Estimate year 1985
    Indicated 34383000mt ore
    Demonstrated 34383000mt ore
    Total resources 34383000mt ore
    Commodity Subtype Grade units Group Importance Year
    Zinc Zn 1.3999 wt-pct Zinc Major 1985
    Lead Pb 5.7 wt-pct Lead Major 1985
  • Type In-situ
    Estimate year 1986
    Measured 18202000mt ore
    Demonstrated 18202000mt ore
    Total resources 18202000mt ore
    Commodity Subtype Grade units Group Importance Year
    Zinc Zn 2.2 wt-pct Zinc Major 1986
    Lead Pb 8 wt-pct Lead Major 1986
  • Type In-situ
    Estimate year 2008
    Total endowment 12700000mt ore
    Remarks Leach, D.L. (USGS) significant PbZn list, based on Rogers and Davis, 1977.
    Commodity Subtype Grade units Group Importance Year
    Zinc ore 2.2 wt-pct Zinc Primary 2008
    Lead ore 8.2 wt-pct Lead Primary 2008
  • Type In-situ
    Estimate year 1974
    Measured 6200000mt ore
    Remarks In 1974, these reserves were classified as proven. Skinner's Mining Intl Ybk, 1975
    Commodity Subtype Grade units Group Importance Year
    Zinc 3.5 wt-pct Zinc Primary 1974
    Lead 9.9 wt-pct Lead Primary 1974
    Copper 0.14 wt-pct Copper Secondary 1974
  • Type In-situ
    Estimate year 1974
    Indicated 34300000mt ore
    Remarks In 1974, these reserves were classified as probable. Skinner's Mining Intl Ybk, 1975.
    Commodity Subtype Grade units Group Importance Year
    Zinc 2 wt-pct Zinc Primary 1974
    Lead 7 wt-pct Lead Primary 1974
    Copper 0.1 wt-pct Copper Secondary 1974

Comments on the reserve resource information

  • CD-SULF.-0.033-A. 86 BROOK-HUNT DATA PAH REPORT-1988
  • DELETED RECORD 2 NO GRADE DATA GIVEN FOR THE 32,737,000 MT ORE. SEE BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR SOURCE, R-004-007.

Workings at the site

  • Type of workings Underground
    Overall depth 418M
    Field Value
    MAS Development Schedule # 1
    Mining Record # 1
    Status of Mining Method ESTIMATE
    Mining Method ROOM AND PILLAR 10-34
    Swell Factor .81
    Percent Waste Rock 4.5
    Percent Recovery 90
    Hardness of Rock SOFT NONPLASTIC FISSURED MODERATE WATER
    Rock Characteristics ONE SYSTEM OF WEAKNESS PLANES
    Rock Support Chars. SUPPORTING MAY BACK SLAB
    Mine Support Chars. POST, HEADBOARD, CAPS, ROOF BOLTS
    Number of Shafts 2
    Length of Inclines (m) 244
    Slope of Inclines 8
    Number of Inclines 1
    1st Condition of Workings OPEN
    Capacity 7258
    Capacity Units MT ORE/DAY
    Unit Production Cost 10.5
    Units of Production $/MT ORE
    Operating Days per Year 300
    Operating Shifts per Day 2
    Year of Information 1979
  • Type of workings Underground
    Overall depth 418M
    Field Value
    MAS Development Schedule # 2
    Mining Record # 1
    Status of Mining Method ESTIMATE
    Mining Method ROOM AND PILLAR 10-34
    Swell Factor .81
    Percent Waste Rock 4.5
    Percent Recovery 90
    Hardness of Rock SOFT NONPLASTIC FISSURED MODERATE WATER
    Rock Characteristics ONE SYSTEM OF WEAKNESS PLANES
    Rock Support Chars. SUPPORTING MAY BACK SLAB
    Mine Support Chars. POST, HEADBOARD, CAPS, ROOF BOLTS
    Number of Shafts 2
    Length of Inclines (m) 244
    Slope of Inclines 8
    Number of Inclines 1
    1st Condition of Workings OPEN
    Capacity 7258
    Capacity Units MT ORE/DAY
    Unit Production Cost 10.5
    Units of Production $/MT ORE
    Operating Days per Year 300
    Operating Shifts per Day 2
    Year of Information 1985
  • Type of workings Underground
    Length 9000M
    Width 600M
    Overall depth 407M

Comments on the workings information

  • A 1,335-FT SHAFT, 18 FT IN DIAMETER.

Comments on other economic factors

  • DEVELOPMENT SCHEDULE TWO IS FOR A PROPOSAL TO RECOVER THE COBALT-NICKEL VALUES CONTAINED IN THE LEAD CONCENTRATE. IT WOULD BE ACCOMPLISHED BY SELECTIVELY FLOATING THE LEAD CONCENTRATE FOR A COMBINED CU-CO-NI PRODUCT AND THEN FLOATING THIS CONCENTRATE TO PRODUCE A CU-CONCENTRATE AND A CO-NI TAILS (CONCENTRATE BY DEFAULT).

Reference information

Bibliographic references

  • Geology

    DAVIS, J.H., ET AL. BUICK MINE, VIBURNUM TREND, SOUTHEAST MISSOURI. CHAPTER IN GUIDEBOOK TO THE GEOLOGY AND ORE DEPOSITS OF SELECTED MINES IN THE VIBURNUM TREND, MISSOURI; MISSOURI DEPT. NAT. RES. REPT. INVESTIGATIONS NO. 58, 1975, PP. 30-39.

  • Geology

    SNYDER, F. G., AND P. E. GERDEMANN. GEOLOGY OF THE SOUTHEAST MISSOURI LEAD DISTRICT. CHAPTER 17 IN ORE DEPOSITS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1933-1967 (GRATON SALES VOLUME), J. D. RIDGE, EDITOR, AIME, V. 1, 1968, PP. 326-358.

  • Geology

    Rogers, R.K., and Davis, J.H., 1977, Geology of the Buick mine, Viburnum
    Trend, Southeast Missouri: ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, v. 72, p. 372?380.

  • Geology

    Paarlberg, N.L., 1995, A guide to the geology of the Buick mine, Viburnum
    Trend: Society of Economic Geologists Guidebook Series, v. 22, p. 86?98.

  • Deposit

    HOMESTAKE 1985 ANNUAL REPORT. P. 15. NOTE: DECREASE IN RESERVE TONNAGE AND INCREASE IN GRADE COMPARED TO JAN 1, 1986 RESERVES DUE TO A HIGHER CUT-OFF GRADE BECAUSE OF CONTINUING LOW LEAD PRICES.

  • Production

    RANDALL, F. M., AND R. A. ARTEBURN, BUICK CONCENTRATOR; CHAPTER 24 IN VOL. 1 OF LEAD AND ZINC, AIME SYMPOSIUM, 1970, PP. 453-465.

  • Reserve-Resource

    1985 E&MJ INTERNATIONAL DIRECTORY OF MINING AND MINERAL PROCESSING OPERATIONS, PP. 175-176, 1985.

  • Reserve-Resource

    HOMESTAKE MINING CO., 1985, ANNUAL REPORT-1984: P. 15. THE ACTUAL PUBLISHED VALUE IS ONE-HALF THE FIGURE LISTED HERE, REPRESENTING HOMESTAKE'S 50% SHARE IN THE BUICK'S IN-SITU RESERVE TONNAGE.

  • Workings

    CHRISTIANSEN, C.R., AND J.J. SCOTT. MINING SYSTEMS IN THE NEW LEAD BELT OF SOUTHEAST MISSOURI. CHAPTER IN VOL. 1 OF LEAD & ZINC, AIME SYMPOSIUM, 1970, PP. 206-217.

  • Workings

    ENGINEERING AND MINING JOURNAL. THE NEW LEAD BELT. OCT., 1970, PP. 67-78.

  • Workings

    GRENIA, J.D., AND J.B. SHANNON. LONG-HOLE DRILLING APPLICATIONS AT THE BUICK MINE. MINING ENGINEERING, JULY, 1973, PP. 53-57.

  • Workings

    ENGINEERING AND MINING JOURNAL. AMAX BASE METALS - A DECADE OF GROWTH. SEPT., 1972, PP. 114-118.

  • Deposit

    AMAX, INC. ANNUAL REPORT-1965. 1966, P. 2.

  • Deposit

    ----. ANNUAL REPORT-1968. 1969, PP. 6, 13, 16.

  • Deposit

    ----. FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT-1978. 1979, P. 1.

  • Deposit

    BEALL, J. V. WHAT'S BEHIND THE MINING BOOM IN SOUTHEAST MISSOURI. MIN. ENG., JULY 1963, PP. 71-76.

  • Deposit

    CLIFFORD, R. K., AND L. W. HIGLEY. COBALT AND NICKEL RECOVERY FROM MISSOURI LEAD BELT CHALCOPYRITE CONCENTRATES. BUMINES RI 8321, 1978, 14 PP.

  • Deposit

    CORNWALL, H. R. NICKEL. CH. IN UNITED STATES MINERAL RESOURCES, ED. BY D.A. BROBST AND W. P. PRATT. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROF. PAPER 820, 1973. P. 440.

  • Deposit

    HOMESTAKE MINING COMPANY. ANNUAL REPORT-1965. 1966, PP. 4, 13, 14.

  • Deposit

    ----. ANNUAL REPORT-1970. 1971, P. 16.

  • Deposit

    ----.FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT-1978. 1979, PP. 1, 3-5, 14-15

  • Deposit

    ----.PROSPECTUS, APRIL 24, 1969, PP. 4-6, 19-22, 34, 39-41, 50-51.

  • Deposit

    MISSOURI MINERAL INDUSTRY NEWS. TALK IS CHEAP--CONTROL IS IS COSTLY. NOVEMBER 1970, PP. 191-192.

  • Deposit

    MISSOURI MINERAL NEWS. HISTORICAL HIGHLIGHTS IN MISSOURI'S LEAD MINING. APRIL 1971, PP. 47-51.

  • Deposit

    UHAY, J. S., D. A. BROBST, AND A. V. HEYL. COBALT. CH. IN UNITED STATES MINERAL RESOURCES, ED. BY D.A. BROBST AND W. P. PRATT. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROF. PAPER 820, 1973, P. 150.

  • Deposit

    WHARTON , H. M. INTRODUCTION TO THE SOUTHEAST MISSOURI LEAD DISTRICT. CHAPTER IN GUIDEBOOK TO THE GEOLOGY AND ORE DEPOSITS OF SELECTED MINES IN THE VIBURNUM TREND, MISSOURI; MISSOURI DEPT. NAT. RES. REPT. OF INVESTIGATIONS NO. 58, 1975, PP. 3-14.

  • Deposit

    Hagni, R.D., 1995, The Southeast Missouri lead district: Society of Economic Geologists Guidebook Series, v. 22, p. 44?78.

Reporter information

Type Date Name Affiliation Comment
Reporter 01-MAR-76 Schruben, Paul G. U.S. Geological Survey
Reporter 07-OCT-96 Daley, Michael R. U.S. Bureau of Mines
Editor 10-SEP-09 Schruben, Paul (Lipin, Bruce) U.S. Geological Survey Record consolidation for significant Pb/Zn list.

Beyond USGS

Supplemental information added by qvyshift.com. Not part of the original USGS MRDS record.

Operator history (post-MRDS)

MRDS records operators as of each record's last update (≤ 2019). Some of the operators listed here have since changed hands or dissolved:

Curated by qvyshift.com from publicly-reported M&A activity (SEC filings, press releases, USGS Mineral Yearbooks). Not authoritative — verify against primary sources before relying on it. The MSHA panel above is the current authoritative source for actively-permitted mines.

External references