Buckingham Molybdenum Deposit

Past Producer in Lander county in Nevada, United States with commodities Molybdenum, Silver, Copper, Gold, Tungsten, Lead, Zinc
Sections on this page
  1. Identification information
  2. Geographic coordinates
  3. Site location context
  4. Geographic areas
  5. Public Land Survey System information
  6. Commodities
  7. Materials information
  8. Alteration
  9. Mineral occurrence model information
  10. Host and associated rocks
  11. Nearby scientific data
  12. Geologic structures
  13. Ore body information
  14. Controls for ore emplacement
  15. Economic information about the deposit and operations
  16. Mining district
  17. Mineral rights holdings
  18. Land status
  19. Ownership information
  20. Reserves and resources
  21. Links to other databases
  22. Bibliographic references
  23. General comments
  24. Reporter information

Geologic information

Identification information

Deposit ID 10310305
MRDS ID M231306
MAS/MILS ID 0320150108
Record type Site
Current site name Buckingham Molybdenum Deposit
Alternate or previous names Hardy, Bentley, O'Leary, Buckingham Mine
Related records 10173778

Comments on the site identification

  • This record incorporates all material from the earlier record for the historic Buckingham Mine deposit, MRDS #M231306 as well as additional material.

Geographic coordinates

Point of reference Pit
Geographic coordinates: -117.0375, 40.6134 (WGS84)
Elevation 1860
Location accuracy 10(meters)
Relative position The mine is located about 10 miles southwest of the town of Battle Mountain.

Site location context

Political divisions (FIPS codes)

Lander(county)

Nevada(state)

United States(country)

North America(continent)

Land(continent)

USGS map quadrangles

Galena Canyon(quadrangle 1:24,000 scale)

Winnemucca(quadrangle 1:100,000 scale)

Winnemucca(quadrangle 1:250,000 scale)

Hydrologic units (watersheds)

Reese(hydrologic unit)

Humboldt(hydrologic accounting unit)

Black Rock Desert-Humboldt(hydrologic subregion)

Great Basin(hydrologic region)

Geographic areas

Country State County
United States Nevada Lander

Public Land Survey System information

Meridian Township Range Section Fraction State
Mount Diablo 032N 044E 31 Nevada

Comments on the location information

  • The mine is located about a mile south of Buckingham Camp on Licking Creek.

Commodities

Commodity Importance
Molybdenum Primary
Silver Primary
Copper Secondary
Gold Secondary
Tungsten Critical Secondary
Lead Tertiary
Zinc Critical Tertiary

Comments on the commodity information

  • Ore Materials: molybdenite, tetrahedrite
  • Gangue Materials: pyrite, galena, sphalerite

Materials information

Materials Type of material
Molybdenite Ore
Tetrahedrite Ore
Pyrite Gangue
Galena Gangue
Sphalerite Gangue

Alteration

  • (Local) There were four alteration events:
    1. contactmetaorphism of the host sedimentary rocks during emplacement of the granitic plutons
    2. hydrothermal alteration associated with the metallization event
    3. clay and sericite alteration associated with faulting
    4. sugergene alteration

Analytical data

Result IN 1912, ORE RAN $14.75 PER TON IN AG AND A

Mineral occurrence model information

Model code 80
USGS model code 21b
Deposit model name Porphyry Mo, low-F

Host and associated rocks

  • Host or associated Host
    Rock type Metamorphic Rock > Metasedimentary Rock
    Rock type qualifier metamorphosed and intensely veined
    Rock unit name Harmony Formation
    Stratigraphic age (youngest) Late Cambrian
  • Host or associated Host
    Rock type Metamorphic Rock > Hornfels
    Rock type qualifier biotite
    Rock unit name Harmony Formation
    Stratigraphic age (youngest) Late Cambrian
  • Host or associated Host
    Rock type Plutonic Rock > Porphyry
    Rock type qualifier granodiorite
    Stratigraphic age (youngest) Oligocene
  • Host or associated Host
    Rock type Plutonic Rock > Granitoid > Quartz Monzonite
    Stratigraphic age (youngest) Oligocene
  • Host or associated Associated
    Rock type Plutonic Rock > Granitoid > Quartz Monzonite
    Rock type qualifier stock
    Stratigraphic age (youngest) Tertiary

Nearby scientific data

Pit (1) -117.0375, 40.6134

Economic information

Geologic structures

Type of structure Regional
Structure description FOLDING, THRUST FAULTS
Type of structure Local
Structure description NW AND NE-TRENDING FAULTS: BUCKINGHAM FAULT

Ore body information

  • General form irregular, tabular, disseminated
    Thickness 640M
    Length 2000M
    Width 1200M
    Depth to top 0M

Controls for ore emplacement

  • Molybdenum mineralization is related to the emplacement of a late Cretaceous composite quartz monzonite porphyry system that intruded and strongly metamorphosed the enclosing Paleozoic sedimentary rocks to hornfels. There are at least seven major phases of intrusions that collectively form what are called the East and West stocks. All seven phases contain molybdenum mineralization. The main buckingham deposit formed in association with five igneous phases located in the two stocks. All five phases developed shells of molybdenite mineralization and the shells locally overlap to produce grades of about 0.1 to 0.20 weight percent MoS2. Mineralization is also locally controlled by shear zones, faults, and fractures .

Comments on the geologic information

  • In the historic workings, Hill reported that the hanging wall is a well-marked fracture filled with gouge, below which for 12 to 15 feet, the quartzite contains, disseminated pyrite, cut by small stringers of tetrahedrite sphalerite and galena for three feet below the hanging wall. The hanging wall ore carried considerable silver mineralization.

Economic information about the deposit and operations

Operation type Surface-Underground
Development status Past Producer
Deposit size Small
Significant Yes
Discovery year 1867
Year of first production 1875

Mining district

District name Battle Mountain District

Mineral rights holdings

Type of mineral rights Located Claim

Land status

Ownership category Private
Area name Battle Mountain BLM Administrative District
Ownership category BLM Administrative Area

Ownership information

  • Type Owner-Operator
    Owner Newmont Mining Corp.
    Year 2004
  • Type Owner-Operator
    Owner Amax Inc. , Union Pacific
    Interest 33
    Home office Connecticut
    Year 1982
    First year 1980
  • Type Owner
    Owner Rocky Mountain Energy Co. (Union Pacific)
    Home office Colorado
    Year 1982

Reserves and resources

  • Type In-situ
    Estimate year 1982
    Demonstrated 217000000metric tons
    Commodity Subtype Grade units Group Importance Year
    Molybdenum Mo 0.57 wt-pct Molybdenum Primary 1982
    Tungsten W 0.005 wt-pct Tungsten Secondary 1982
    Silver Ag 4.11 g/mt Silver Primary 1982
    Copper Cu 0.03 wt-pct Copper Secondary 1982

Comments on the workings information

  • Old underground workings include an incline, crosscut, drifts. Much drilling has been done on the prospect during the past 40 years.

Comments on other economic factors

  • Buckingham is considered by the USGS to be one of the ?Giant Porphyry-Related Metal Camps of the World.
    It contains one of the largest identified resources of molybdenum in the United States, estimated at more than 1 billion tonnes of mineralized rock averaging approximately 0.06 weight percent molybdenite (MoS2) and containing 100 million ounces of silver as well as smaller amounts of tungsten, copper, and gold.

Comments on development

  • The historic mine was discovered in the late 1860s, but no record exists of early production. In 1912, the deposits had been developed by an incline and a crosscut 140 feet long, with 130 feet of drifts in the ore zone. Production was sporadic from 1913 to 1929. Workings on the Buckingham claim include an 850-foot inclined shaft with drifts on many levels. Recent exploration by a variety of companies has defined a large low grade molybdenum orebody centered in this area.
    The porphyry molybdenum potential of the prospect was first recognized in 1962 by Congdon & Carey exploration firm, whose drill holes only grazed the fringes of th e upper West stock molybdenite shell. In 1967, Union Pacific Mining Corp. drilling hit the moly mineralization and intersected it at successively greater depths eastward, tracing the Buckingham Fault. Under a joint venture with Climax Molybdenum in 1973-1980, more drilling tested moly mineralization in the East stock and outlined more mineralization southwest of Buckingham. Duval Corp explored the property in 1975-1982, defining a small reserve in the uppermost East stock molybdenite shell. Climax intensely studioed the deposit in 1980-82 as part of a pre-feasibility study, forming the basis for a detailed study and report on the deposit by the USGS in 1992. The property is currently held by Newmont with continuing delineation of the deposit.

Reference information

Bibliographic references

General comments

Subject category Comment text
Deposit The Buckingham stockwork molybdenum system is classified as a low-fluorine (or quartz monzonite) molybdenum system by Theodore and Menzie (1984). It contains one of the largest identified resources of molybdenum in the United States, estimated at more than 1 billion tonnes of mineralized rock averaging approximately 0.06 weight percent molybdenite (MoS2) and containing 100 million ounces of silver as well as smaller amounts of tungsten, copper, and gold. Molybdenum mineralization is related to emplacement of a late Cretaceous (86-Ma) composite porphyry system that intruded and metamorphosed the surrounding Late Cambrian Harmony Formation to biotite hornfels. Approximately half of the Buckingham deposit is hosted by metamorphosed and intensely veined rocks of the Late Cambrian Harmony Formation and half by intrusive rocks (Doebrich and Theodore, 1996).

Molybdenum mineralization is related to the emplacement of a late Cretaceous composite quartz monzonite porphyry system that intruded and strongly metamorphosed the enclosing Paleozoic sedimentary rocks to hornfels. There are at least seven major phases of intrusions that collectively form what are called the East and West stocks. All seven phases contain molybdenum mineralization. The main Buckingham deposit formed in association with five igneous phases located in the two stocks. All five phases developed shells of molybdenite mineralization and the shells locally overlap to produce grades of about 0.1 to 0.20 weight percent MoS2.

Porphyry copper deposits in the copper zone surrounding the central molybdenum zone underwent supergene enrichment to create the Contention, Carissa, Copper Queen, Widow, and Sweet Marie copper deposits. Gold-silver skarn ore at the Surprise Mine and distal disseminated silver-gold ore associated with silica-pyrite alteration at the Empire Mine (approximately 1.5 million tonnes averaging 1.8 g Au/t) and at the Northern Lights Mine (approximately 390,000 tonnes averaging 1.6 g Au/t) may be associated genetically with the Buckingham system. There appears to be metal zoning from proximal copper-rich ores in the Contention Pit to the distal gold-silver-copper ores in the Surprise Mine (Doebrich and Theodore, 1996).

Reporter information

Type Date Name Affiliation Comment
Reporter 01-JUL-05 LaPointe, D. D. Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology
Editor 01-SEP-07 Schruben, Paul G. U.S. Geological Survey Converted from S&A FileMaker format to Oracle. Edit checks on rocks, units, and ages with Geolex search, and other fields.
Updater 04-AUG-11 Causey, J Douglas U.S. Geological Survey Combined data from duplicate records 10043993 and 10173778 and deleted those records.

Beyond USGS

Supplemental information added by qvyshift.com. Not part of the original USGS MRDS record.

Operator history (post-MRDS)

MRDS records operators as of each record's last update (≤ 2019). Some of the operators listed here have since changed hands or dissolved:

Curated by qvyshift.com from publicly-reported M&A activity (SEC filings, press releases, USGS Mineral Yearbooks). Not authoritative — verify against primary sources before relying on it. The MSHA panel above is the current authoritative source for actively-permitted mines.

Authoritative Nevada resources

These are landing pages for further research — the state agencies don't currently expose per-mine deep links.